Means for closing double-action or swing doors.



No. 723,432. PATENTED MAR. '24, 1903 F. W. ADAMS, 4

' MEANS FOR CLOSING DOUBLE ACTION 0R SWING DOORS.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 13, 1902.

no MODEL. a sums-sum: 1.

No.723,4s2.- PATENTED'MAR.24,1903.-

P. W. ADAMS.

MEANS FOR CLOSING DOUBLE ACTION 0R SWING DOORS.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 13, 1902.

H0 MODEL. I 3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

3 2 y; & 5 & v 1

PATENTED MAR. 24, 1903.

' I P. w; ADAMS.

MEANS FOR CLOSING DOUBLE ACTION 0R SWING DOORS.

APPLICATION IILED JUNE 13, 1902.

I0 MODEL.

UNITE STATES PATENT OFFICE. I

FREDERICK W IL LIA M ADAMS, OF ANERLEY, ENGLAND.

MEANS FOR CLOSlNG-DOUBLE-ACTION OR SWING DOORS.

SPECIFICATION forming partof Letters Patent No. 723,432, dated March 24,1903.

Application filed June 13, 1902. Serial No. 111,476. (No model.) I

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERICK WILLIAM ADAMS, a subject of the King ofGreat Britain, residing at S Lansdowne Terrace, Worbeckroad,Aner1ey,Surrey,En gland, have invented a new and useful ImprovedMeans for Closing Double-Action or Swing Doors, of which the followingis a specification.

This invention relates to improved means for closing double-action orswing doors. In devices for this purpose as. heretofore made it has beennecessary to recess the door-frame and the door to receive the saiddevice, thus necessitating that the door and door-frame shall bespecially prepared to receive the device.

Now my invention has for its object to provide a device for the purposewhich merely requires to be applied to the outside of the door anddoor-frame at the top thereof. To this end I make use of a lever whichis arranged so that it can turn upon either one of two pivots, accordingto the direction in which the door is opened, the said lever in itsmovement in either direction compressing a spring which returns the doortoits normal or central position on being released.'

To enable the invention to befully understood, I will describe it byreference'to the accompanying drawings, in which,

Figure 1 is a side elevation of one form of double-action door-closingmechanism made according to the invention. Fig. 2 is a plan viewthereof. Figs. 3 and 4: are views simi lar to Fig. 2, but showing thedoor opened in the two directions, respectively.. Fig. 5 is a" sectionalview of a detail hereinafter described. Fig. 6 is an elevation; of'another form of my door-closing mechanism. ;Fig. 7 is a plan view of thesame. Fig. Sis a side elevation of a further modification of myinvention. Fig. 9 is a plan view thereof; and Figs. 10 and 11 are viewssimilar to Fig. 9, but showing the door opened in the two directions,respectively. Fig. 12 is a plan view of a detail hereinafter described.

Similar letters 'of reference refer to the same or corresponding partsin all the figures.

Referring first to the arrangement illustrated in Figs. 1 to 4, A is thedoor-frame, and B is the door, the said door being pivoted 'lines.

to the door-frame, as indicated at a, in the usual manner. I) is thedoor-closing lever, this lever being provided at one end with a slide b,which moves upon a guide b fixed in brackets 19 b screwed to the door B.The slide 1) can be provided with internal packing, so that it moveseasily and without noise upon the guide b The other end of the leverbis'pivoted at c to one end of a link 0, the other end of which is hingedat c to a bracket 0 screwedupon the door-frame A. The lever b isprovided with a box or casing d, containing (see the section shown inFig. 5) a spring (1',

one end of which is secured to the said casing at d? and the other endto a spindle d which extends through the said box d and lever b and issecured'at its end, which projects from the upper end of the box, to oneend of a lover .or link d, the other end of which is pivoted to one endofa link (1 whose other end is pivoted at d to the bracket 0 e is afinger which projects from the upper end of thebox d and is adapted whenthe door is in its normal or closed position (shown in Figs. 1 and 2) tobear against the end of the link 0 at or near the center of its pivot 0With this arrangement when the door is turned in the direction shown inFig. 3 the lever b turns upon 'the pivot c as its center, this movementcoiling up the spring by the motion of the lever d1 and link (1 whichare moved relatively with the box (1 from the position shown in brokenlines to the position shown in full When, therefore, the door isreleased, it moves back to its normal position under the'action of thespring, being brought to rest at its normal position-that is to say, inthe plane of the door-frameby the stop c", which is formed uponthe underside of the link c, and which stop comes into contact with the bracket 0as clearly shown in Figs. 1, 2, v

and 4:. When the door is opened in the other direction, as shown in Fig.4:, the lever b turns upon the pivot c as a center, the spring d againbeing coiled up by the movement of the links d and 61 which move fromthe position indicated in broken linesto that indicated in the fulllines in the figure, so as to produce relative motion between the boxand the spring in a similar manner to that which occurs when the door isopened in the direction shown in Fig. 3. When the door is released, itis brought back to its normal position by the spring and is again heldclosed in the plane of the door-frame by the finger e, which comes intocontact with the end of the link 6', as above described and as shown inFigs. 2 and 3. Suitable means are provided for adjusting the tension ofthe spring d, and in the drawings I have shown the spindle (1 providedon its lower end outside the box (1 with a toothed disk (1?, by means ofwhich the said spindle can be turned with the assistance of a suitabletool. The upper projecting end of the spindle d is squared and enters acorrespondinglyshaped recess in the link (1 which holds it in theposition to which it has been adjusted. With this arrangement it will beclear that to adjust the tension of the spring it is merely necessary toremove the link (Z turn the spindle to the required extent, and replacethe said link, which, as above mentioned, will hold the spindle in theposition to which it has been adjusted.

The arrangement shown in Figs. 6 and 7 is similar to that abovedescribed; but the spring (1' is shown as a helical spring instead of asa spiral spring, the said helical spring d being inclosed in thecylindrical casing d, jointed upon the lever b, and being compressed bya piston f, which bears against its outer end and is connected by a rodf to the bracket 0 upon the door-frame. It will easily be seen that thisspring is compressed on turning the door in either direction, the actionbeing similar to that above described.

In the arrangement shown in Figs. 8 to 12 the same principle underliesthe construction; but two springs are here employed in lieu of one. Theobject of employing two springs is to enable a greater closing force tobe applied to the door in one direction than in the other-for example,to close it against a strong wind. The lever 19 is pivoted at its outerend to one end of an adjustable link g, the other end of which ispivoted to a bracket h,- fixed to the door B. The other end of the lever19 is pivoted, in the same way as in the two previously-describedmodifications, to one end of a link 0, the other end of which is pivotedto a bracket 0 screwed upon the doorframe A. The link 0 is provided withtwo boxes or casings ij, each containing a spring 2" and j,respectively, the said springs being mounted upon spindles d and j andbeing provided with externally notched or toothed disks d d for theiradjustment in the manner above described. In the case of the spindle ithis also forms the pivot upon which the link a is hinged to thedoor-frame A, the said spindle being fixed to the said bracket. Thespindle j is provided at its lower end, which projects from its boxj,with a finger 70, which bears against a roller-stud Z upon the lever b,a second projection oi stud n being also provided upon the said lever bfor engaging a stop m, projecting from the under side of the link a.With this arrangement when the door is opened in the direction indicatedin Fig. 10 the lever 1) turns upon the spindle i as a center, theprojections or stops m and it making the said lever rigid with the link0', and this movement winds up the spring 6', which returns the door toits normal position when it is released, the said door being stopped inthe plane of the door-frame in the manner previously described. When thedoor is turned in the other direction-that is to say, in thedirectionindicated in Fig. 1lit turns upon the pivot c as its center, whereby theroller-stud Z, which also turns about the same center, rotates thefinger 7c, and thereby coils up the spring j. On the door being releasedthe coiled spring returns it to its normal position,

the stops m and n retaining it in its centralpositionthat is to say, inthe plane of the door-frame.

It will be noticed that in all the above-described constructions thepower applied to the door is increased as the door closes, this beingeffected by the variation of leverage through which the spring acts. Itwill also be obvious that I can use the slide 1) and guide 5 shown inthe two first-described modi fications in the arrangement illustrated inFigs. 8 to 11, and similarly the adjustable link g there shown in theformer constructions.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my saidinvention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare thatwhat I claim is- 1. In a door-closing apparatus, the combination with adoor-casing, of a door hinged therein so as to swing through said casingin both directions, a closing-lever having one end connected with thedoor and having two separated pivotal connections with the doorcasingand spring mechanism connected with said lever and arranged to force theportion thereof between said pivotal connections toward the door-casing,substantially as described.

2. In a closing device for a double-swinging door, the combination witha device for attachment to the door-casing, of a lever having one endprovided with means for attaching it to the door, said lever beingprovided adjacent to its other end with two separated pivotalconnections with said device on the door-casing and a spring mechanismconnected to said lever and constructed to force the portion thereofbetween said pivotal connections toward the door-casing, substantiallyas described.

3. In a closing device for a double-swinging door the combination with alever having one end provided with means for attaching it to the door, alink pivoted to the other end of said lever, extending toward thedoor-engaging end of the lever and pivoted to the casing, a springconnected to said lever and adapted to force the portion adjacent tosaid link toward the door-casing and a stop on the door-casing adjacentto the pivotal connection of the link therewith for engaging a partconnected with said lever when the door is moved in one direction,substantially as described. 1

4. In a closing device for double-swinging doors, the combination with alever provided at one end with means for connecting it with the door, alink pivoted to the other end of said lever, said link extending towardthe door-engaging end of said lever and pivotally connected to thedoor-casing, a stop on the door-casin g adjacent to the pivotalconnection of said link therewith adapted to engage a part connectedwith the lever to form a fulcrum for the lever when the door is moved inone direction and a spring connection between the door-casing and saidlever engaging the lever between said fulcrum and its pivotal connectionwith said link, and a stop on the door-casing for engaging said leveradjacent to its pivotal connection with said link, substantially asdescribed.

5. In a closing device for a double-swinging door, the combination witha lever prodoor-casing and adjusting mechanism for regulating thetension of said spring, substantially as described.

FREDERICK WILLIAM ADAMS.

Witnesses:

J OHN E. BOUSFIELD, O. G; REDFERN.

